Kingdom:
Phylum:
Angiosperms
Order:
Boraginales
Species:
confine
ID:
1215985

Status:
valid

Authors:
I.M.Johnst.

Source:
tro

Year:
1952

Citation Micro:
J. Arnold Arbor. 33: 346 (1952)

WFO Identifier:
wfo-0001215323



Common Names

  • Confine Gromwell
  • Confine Stoneseed
  • Confine Lithospermum


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Description

Lithospermum confine (also called Fringed Puccoon, among many other common names) is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows up to 20 cm tall. It is native to the eastern United States and Canada, and is found in dry, rocky, open woods and prairies. The plant has narrow, lance-shaped leaves and small, yellow-orange flowers.

Uses & Benefits

Lithospermum confine is used as an ornamental plant in gardens and as a ground cover. It is also used to attract pollinators and beneficial insects to the garden.

Flower, Seeds and Seedlings

The flower of Lithospermum confine is a small, yellow-orange, five-petaled bloom. The seed is a small, dark brown nutlet. The seedlings are small, with two leaves and a single stem.

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Cultivation and Propagation

Lithospermum confine is a perennial herb that grows in moist, shady areas. It can be propagated by seed or division. Seeds should be sown in the spring or fall and kept moist until germination. Division should be done in the spring or fall when the plant is dormant. The divisions should be planted in moist, well-drained soil.

Where to Find Lithospermum confine

Lithospermum confine is native to western North America, from British Columbia to California. It can be found in open woodlands, grasslands, and disturbed areas.

Species in the Lithospermum genus

Lithospermum macbridei, Lithospermum mediale, Lithospermum officinale, Lithospermum molle, Lithospermum gayanum, Lithospermum peruvianum, Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Lithospermum cinerascens, Lithospermum cuzcoense, Lithospermum leymebambense, Lithospermum rodriguezii, Lithospermum bolivariense, Lithospermum azuayense, Lithospermum chiapense, Lithospermum album, Lithospermum barbigerum, Lithospermum dodrantale, Lithospermum exsertum, Lithospermum helleri, Lithospermum johnstonii, Lithospermum leonotis, Lithospermum macromeria, Lithospermum notatum, Lithospermum oaxacanum, Lithospermum pinetorum, Lithospermum rosei, Lithospermum rzedowskii, Lithospermum trinervium, Lithospermum turneri, Lithospermum unicum, Lithospermum decipiens, Lithospermum occidentale, Lithospermum parviflorum, Lithospermum subsetosum, Lithospermum canescens, Lithospermum calcicola, Lithospermum discolor, Lithospermum matamorense, Lithospermum muelleri, Lithospermum oblongifolium, Lithospermum strictum, Lithospermum virginianum, Lithospermum californicum, Lithospermum calycosum, Lithospermum caroliniense, Lithospermum cobrense, Lithospermum confine, Lithospermum incisum, Lithospermum latifolium, Lithospermum mirabile,

Species in the Boraginaceae family

Actinocarya acaulis, Actinocarya tibetica, Adelocaryum coelestinum, Adelocaryum flexuosum, Adelocaryum malabaricum, Adelocaryum nebulicola, Adelocaryum lambertianum, Aegonychon purpurocaeruleum, Aegonychon zollingeri, Aegonychon purpurea-coeruleum, Aegonychon calabricum, Aegonychon calabrum, Afrotysonia africana, Afrotysonia glochidiata, Afrotysonia pilosicaulis, Alkanna amana, Alkanna angustifolia, Alkanna areolata, Alkanna attilae, Alkanna aucheriana, Alkanna auranitica, Alkanna bracteosa, Alkanna caliensis, Alkanna cappadocica, Alkanna confusa, Alkanna corcyrensis, Alkanna cordifolia, Alkanna dumanii, Alkanna frigida, Alkanna froedinii, Alkanna galilaea, Alkanna graeca, Alkanna haussknechtii, Alkanna hellenica, Alkanna hirsutissima, Alkanna hispida, Alkanna incana, Alkanna intercedens, Alkanna jordanovii, Alkanna kotschyana, Alkanna leiocarpa, Alkanna leptophylla, Alkanna lutea, Alkanna macrophylla, Alkanna macrosiphon, Alkanna maleolens, Alkanna megacarpa, Alkanna methanaea, Alkanna milliana, Alkanna mughlae,

References